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标题:AJAX实践之与服务器通信(1)
时间:2006-11-14 来源:不详 浏览数:

首先看下看下相对简单些的——向服务器发送一个包含有名/值对的简单查询串,在这种情况下XHP即可以用GET也可以用POST。

GET

function doRequestUsingGET() {

 createXMLHttpRequest();

 var queryString = " GetAndPostExample? " ;

 queryString = queryString + createQueryString()+

" &timeStamp= " + new Date().getTime();

 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;

 xmlHttp.open( " GET " , queryString, true );

 xmlHttp.send( null );

}

POST

function doRequestUsingPOST() {

 createXMLHttpRequest();

 var url = " GetAndPostExample?timeStamp= " + new Date().getTime();

 var queryString = createQueryString();

 xmlHttp.open( " POST " , url, true );

 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;

 xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-Type " ,

" application/x-www-form-urlencoded " );

 xmlHttp.send(queryString);

}

queryString就是名/值对的参数形式了(如name=LiLin&age=23),在调用OPEN方法中,当请求方法是用POST的时候为了确保服务器知道请求体中有请求参数,需要调用setRequestHeader,将Content-Type值设置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded.当然也可不放在请求体中(那就不要用POST啦!)

此时server处理:

import java.io. * ;

import java.net. * ;

import javax.servlet. * ;

import javax.servlet.http. * ;

public class GetAndPostExample extends HttpServlet {

 protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response, String method)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// Set content type of the response to text/xml

response.setContentType( " text/xml " );

// Get the user's input

String firstName = request.getParameter( " firstName " );

String middleName = request.getParameter( " middleName " );

String birthday = request.getParameter( " birthday " );

// Create the response text

String responseText = " Hello " + firstName + " " + middleName

+ " . Your birthday is " + birthday + " . "

+ " [Method: " + method + " ] " ;

// Write the response back to the browser

PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

out.println(responseText);

// Close the writer

out.close();

 }

 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// Process the request in method processRequest

processRequest(request, response, " GET " );

 }

 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// Process the request in method processRequest

processRequest(request, response, " POST " );

 }

}  

对get and post方法都用processRequest来处理。

要向服务器发送相关复杂的查询串,可以将模型变化为XML发送到server 。

client端:

function createXML() {

 var xml = " <pets> " ;

 var options = document.getElementById( " petTypes " ).childNodes;

 var option = null ;

 for ( var i = 0 ; i < options.length; i ++ ) {

option = options[i];

if (option.selected) {

 xml = xml + " <type> " + option.value + " <\/type> " ;

}

 }

 xml = xml + " <\/pets> " ;

 return xml;

}

function sendPetTypes() {

 createXMLHttpRequest();

 var xml = createXML();

 var url = " PostingXMLExample?timeStamp= " + new Date().getTime();

 xmlHttp.open( " POST " , url, true );

 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;

 xmlHttp.setRequestHeader( " Content-Type " ,

" application/x-www-form-urlencoded " );

 xmlHttp.send(xml);

}



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